• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The general field of the invention is that of monocular or binocular visualization systems intended to be worn by the head of a user. Each monocular assembly comprises a display (1) and an optical assembly comprising a relay optics (2) and a partially transparent optical mixer (3) in the form of an inclined curved blade, each optical assembly being arranged to form a second image at the infinite of a first image displayed by a display. In the system according to the invention, the optics are said to be crossed. That is to say, in the case of a binocular system, if an optical mixer is arranged in front of the user's right eye, the relay optics and the corresponding display are arranged in a frontal position at the above the left eye of the user and under the optical mixer located on the left side. This arrangement is obtained by judiciously choosing the geometrical parameters of the various optical elements, their curvatures and the shape of their surfaces.
    公开号:FR3028325A1
    申请号:FR1402510
    申请日:2014-11-06
    公开日:2016-05-13
    发明作者:Jean Luc Espie；Frederic Diaz
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The field of the invention is that of helmet visualization systems. These systems are also known by the Anglo-Saxon name "HMD See-Through", "HMD" being the acronym for "Head Mounted Display". They are intended for different applications. As examples, they can be worn by aircraft pilots or infantrymen. These systems are intended to project towards the eye of the user an aerial image collimated to infinity and superimposed on the external landscape. The projected image may include a symbology representative of information on the tasks, the mission to be performed or the external environment and / or the image given by a camera. The latter can be a low-level light camera or an infrared camera or a thermal camera. These systems may be monocular or binocular depending on whether the user perceives the image on one or both eyes. These systems generally include a small display with high resolution on which is displayed the image to be projected, a relay optics and a "combiner" or optical mixer that provides both the reflection of the image projected and collimated to the image. the user's eye and the transmission of the external landscape. This combiner is integrated with a screen or a visor or glasses. Visor or screen means a transparent curved element disposed in front of the eyes of the user and whose primary function is to ensure the protection of the eyes of the user while ensuring good visibility from the outside. This protection is mechanical 25 but can also be optical if the visor comprises particular treatments. In the remainder of the text, the term "screen" or "visor" is used interchangeably to designate the support of the combiner. In the majority of applications, the visual field of the display system must be large, that is to say between 20 degrees and 40 degrees. However, in most of the proposed solutions, the combiner is an optical element with a significant off-axis so as to ensure good transmission and leave as few optical elements in the field of view. Building a good optical solution with a large off-axis is a first difficulty. A second difficulty with this type of visualization system is that the integration of the combiner on the screen must disturb as little as possible the vision of the outside, the human vision is naturally large field. Thus, the human field of view reaches 200 degrees in a lateral plane and 125 degrees in a vertical plane. The combiner must therefore introduce the least possible visual masks and must have a shape that best matches the contours of the face. The system must also be compatible with the use of prescription eyeglasses. Finally, the weight and bulk of the system must remain low so that it can be easily integrated under the front part of a helmet, or attach itself directly to the face in the form of a mask, for example masks skis or masks or with a suitable headgear or headband. Consumer display systems mounted on telescope branches do not meet all these conditions. Various technical solutions have been proposed. A first type of solution is to implement the entire system in the lateral, the entire system being contained in a substantially horizontal plane. The display and relay optics are located on one of the lateral sides of the user's head. By way of examples, mention may be made of the devices described in applications WO 2010/089495 entitled "Portable head-up display and augmented reality display device" and WO 2009/136393 entitled "Wide angle helmet mounted display system". These solutions have the drawbacks of being complex, cumbersome and having a lateral mask that can be significant. A second type of solution consists in implanting the whole system in front, the whole system being contained in a substantially vertical plane above the eye of the observer. By way of examples, mention may be made of the devices described in applications WO 2013/036888 entitled "Night vision devices and methods" and US 5,341,242 entitled "Helmet mounted display". As can be seen in the various figures of these applications, the optical solutions put in place are complex. Their integration in the front part of the helmet is not simple. Moreover, these are essentially monocular solutions and the transition to binocular version of these solutions is problematic. The head display system according to the invention does not have these disadvantages. It can be monocular or binocular. It comprises so-called crossed optics. That is to say, in the case of a binocular system, if an optical mixer is arranged in front of the right eye of the user, the relay optics and the corresponding display are arranged in a frontal position at above the left eye of the user and under the optical mixer located on the left side. This arrangement is obtained by judiciously choosing the geometrical parameters of the various optical elements, their curvatures and the shape of their surfaces. This optical architecture has many advantages both in terms of simplicity of construction and space and is easily housed under the front part of a helmet. More specifically, the subject of the invention is a display system comprising a first display and a first optical assembly comprising a first optical relay and a first semi-transparent optical mixer, the first optical assembly being arranged to form a second image at the infinity of a first image displayed by the first display, the display system being intended to be worn by the head of a user, the first optical mixer being disposed in front of one of the two eyes of said user under conditions of use, the optical exit pupil of the first set being disposed at said eye, the optical axis of the first optical assembly corresponding to the light beam of the central field of vision passing through the center of the optical pupil, characterized in that: The first mixer optical is a thin blade with substantially parallel curved faces, each face being defined by a polynomial law or a The angle of the first optical mixer on the optical axis is substantially equal to 35 degrees. The distance separating the exit pupil from the point of intersection between the optical axis and the optical axis. first optical mixer is about 60 millimeters; The optical mixer has a near zero optical power in transmission to not distort the direct vision. In the position of use, the inclination of the average optical axis between the first optical mixer and the first front lens in a vertical plane and with respect to a straight line joining the centers of the two eyes is about 25 degrees, so that the first optical relay is located at the front and above the other eye of the user, in a crossed position with the first optical combiner. Advantageously, the first relay optics having a first front lens, the first surface of said first front lens located closest to the combiner is defined by a polynomial law or a point file defining a free form. Advantageously, the second surface of the first front lens is aspherical or is defined by a polynomial law or a point file defining a free form. Advantageously, the first display being of the LCD or "LCD" type, an acronym for "Liquid Crystal Display", or of the emissive screen type or "OLED", acronym for "Organic Light Emitting Diode", the first optical relay comprises only, from the first optical mixer to the first display, the first front lens, a convergent-divergent lens doublet with spherical surfaces and an eccentric biconvex lens with spherical surfaces. Advantageously, the first display operating by reflection and being of the "LCOS" type, acronym for "Liquid Crystal on Silicon", the system comprising a light source, the first optical relay is telecentric type and comprises only, starting from the first optical mixer to the first display, the first front lens, a convergent-divergent lens doublet with spherical surfaces, an eccentric convergent meniscus with spherical surfaces, a splitter cube adapted to reflect light from the light source to the first display and an eccentric biconvex lens with spherical surfaces.
    [0002] Advantageously, the separator cube is a reflection separator of the "PBS" type, which stands for "Polarizer Beam Splitter". Advantageously, in its binocular variant, the system comprises a second display and a second optical assembly comprising a second optical relay and a second semitransparent optical mixer, the second display being identical to the first display, the second optical assembly being identical to the first set. optical, the second display and the second optical assembly being arranged symmetrically with respect to the first display and the first optical assembly, so that the second optical mixer is disposed in front of the other eye of the user, the first optical relay being disposed above the second optical mixer and the second relay optics being disposed above the first optical mixer, the plane of symmetry being the median plane of the head. The shape and orientation of the "combiners", oriented in a general direction according to the general curvature of the face, make it possible to extend the right and left screens beyond the "useful" semi-reflective zones to constitute a monobloc screen ensuring a function protection for the face and especially the eyes. Thus, the continuous shape of the screen according to a convex general curve following that of the face allows to keep a direct vision through the screen without alterations. The invention will be better understood and other advantages will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the appended figures in which: FIG. 1 represents a front view of a first display system monocular according to the invention; FIG. 2 represents a profile view of the preceding monocular visualization system; Figure 3 shows a front view of the binocular version of the previous display system; FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of the first monocular visualization system; Figure 5 shows a front view of a second monocular display system according to the invention; Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the second monocular visualization system. A display system according to the invention is intended to be worn by the head of a user. The mechanical support of the visualization system carried by the head may be a helmet, a pair of glasses or any other head support. The visualization system exists in monocular or binocular version. Each monocular block comprises: a display, and an optical assembly comprising a dioptric relay optic and a partially transparent, typically semi-transparent optical mixer or combiner integrated in a screen, a helmet visor or glasses and operating by reflection. The optical mixer is a thin blade with curved faces and substantially parallel to each other which introduces little or no distortion of the external landscape. This mixer has no optical power transmission. In the following description, called optical axis, the virtual axis 20 corresponding to the light beam of the central field of vision passing through the center of the optical pupil. The operation of a monocular block is as follows. The optical assembly is arranged to form a second collimated image or "optical infinity" of a first image displayed by the display, the optical exit pupil of the optical assembly being disposed at the level of the eye. of the observer. It is greater than the diameter of the eye pupil so as to allow a certain comfort of use and adaptation to inter-pupillary gap variations. This image is perceived by the user in superposition on the external landscape transmitted by the optical mixer. In order for the general layout of a display system according to the invention on a support to be as ergonomic as possible and simplest to produce, the optics are said to be crossed. That is to say, in the case of a binocular system, if an optical mixer is arranged in front of the user's right eye, the relay optics and the corresponding display are arranged in a frontal position at above the left eye of the user and under the optical mixer located on the left side. For this implantation to be possible, it is necessary that: the inclination of the first optical mixer on the optical axis is substantially equal to 35 degrees, that is to say that the reflected optical axis makes an angle of about 70 degrees with the incident optical axis. A lower angle requires a greater distance between the lens and the combiner involving larger optics. A higher angle requires larger optical corrections, difficult to control. It is preferred that this angle of inclination be between 33 degrees and 37 degrees. It is essential that the optical mixer is either a non-axisymmetric surface, defined by a polynomial law or a so-called "freeform" surface defined by a file of points. Indeed, a spherical combiner gives geometrical aberrations too important for them to be corrected by a simple relay optics; The distance separating the exit pupil from the point of intersection between the optical axis and the first optical mixer is approximately 60 millimeters. This distance is necessary so that, in the case of a binocular application, the relay optics of the first optical system can be housed between the front and the combiner of the second optical system. It also allows the user to wear glasses; In the position of use, the inclination of the average optical axis between the first optical mixer and the first front lens of the relay optics in a vertical plane and with respect to a line joining the centers of the two eyes is approximately 25 degrees, so that the first optical relay is located at the front and above the other eye of the user, in a cross-position with the first optical combiner. A lower angle causes the relay optics to be too low on the other eye and introduces visual masks. A larger angle causes the optics relay to be too high and can no longer be positioned under the front of the helmet. It is preferable that this angle of inclination is between 20 degrees and 30 degrees. It is important that the first surface of the first front lens located closest to the combiner is of the non-axisymmetric type, defined by a polynomial law or of the "free form" type defined by a point file so as to reduce the aberrations. geometric residuals of the combiner.
    [0003] Highly eccentric optical components such as the combiner according to the invention have very important geometric aberrations if they are simple inclined spherical mirrors. As has been said, it is essential that the surface of the optical mixer be a non-axisymmetric or "freeform" surface, that is to say that the curvature of its surface is defined by a polynomial law or a file of points to best compensate for eccentric aberrations. However, this correction is insufficient to completely correct the geometric aberrations of the combiner. Relay optics must therefore compensate for residual aberrations. The relay optics comprises a first front lens located closest to the combiner whose first surface is also defined by a polynomial law. This corrects "the closest" the aberrations of the combiner. In order to avoid the multiplication of "freeform" or aspherical surface lenses, eccentric or tilting lenses with spherical surfaces are also used to correct the residual aberrations as much as possible. It should be noted that the distortion aberration is not corrected at the optical level. This correction is made directly at the level of the image generated by the display by image processing from the optical distortion laws. This has an inverse distortion that compensates exactly the distortion of the optical assembly. Precise implementation and optimization of optical components is done by means of optical calculation codes, well known to those skilled in the art.
    [0004] A first implementation of a system according to the invention on a helmet H is shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. In these various figures, the screen or the visor of the helmet are not shown. Figure 1 shows a front view and Figure 2 a side view of a monocular system. In these two figures, the display 1 and the relay optics 2 are on the left side of the headset and the combiner 3 sends an image to the right of the user. As shown in FIG. 3, the binocular system comprises two identical sets symmetrical to one another with respect to a vertical plane. Thus, the second set includes an Ibis display, an optical relay 2 bis and a combiner 3 bis. This first implementation works with a display operating by transmission or by emission. This display can be passive. This may be an "LCD" type display, which stands for "Liquid Crystal 10 Display". It can also be active, type "OLED", acronym meaning "Organic Light-Emitting Diode". A sectional view of the complete optical architecture of a monocular assembly comprising such a display is shown in FIG. 4. This example is not limiting. It comprises a display 1, a relay optics comprising four lenses L1, L2, L3 and L4 and a combiner 3 forming a collimated image at the level of the pupil P. In this figure and in FIG. 6, the contours of the components are represented in bold lines. Three light rays in fine lines are also drawn. They represent the average radii passing through the center of the pupil corresponding to the central field which follows the optical axis and to the two extreme fields. The general characteristics of this monocular assembly are as follows: - Type of display: LCD or OLED 8 mm x 5 mm 25 - Visual field: 32 degrees horizontal x 18 degrees vertical - Pupillary dimensions: 10 mm x 10 mm - Dimensions: Length LT: 86 mm and width IT: 54 mm Characteristics of the combiner: - Thin blade with curved and parallel faces semi-reflective treatment - Average bending radius: 48 mm - Polynomial type surface - Angle of tilting: 36 degrees Characteristics of the four lenses of the optical relay. Lens L1 is closest to the combiner and lens L4 is closest to the display. - Centered L1 lens o Material: PMMA type plastic o First surface: polynomial type with an average radius of curvature of 10 mm - Second surface: aspherical type with an average radius of curvature of 2000 mm o Central thickness: 10 mm - L2-L3 doublet centered o Materials: glasses o First surface: spherical with radius of curvature: 14 mm - Second surface: spherical with radius of curvature: - 8 mm - Third surface: spherical with radius of curvature: -90 mm o First central thickness: 6 mm - Second central thickness: 6 mm - L4 eccentric and tilted lens o Material: glass o First surface: spherical bending radius: 20 mm - Second surface: spherical curvature radius: - 55 mm o Center thickness: 5 mm Can also be used a display system according to the invention with a display operating by reflection of light. For example, this display may be of the "LCOS" type, which stands for "Liquid Crystal On Silicone". One of the difficulties is that, by nature, the lighting has to go through relay optics. For this purpose, a splitter cube is introduced inside the relay optics which ensures both the illumination of the display and the transmission of the light reflected by the latter. Generally, this cube is of the type "PBS", acronym meaning "Polarizing Beam Splitter". Optically, this cube corresponds to the addition of a thick glass plate with flat and parallel faces. In addition, relay optics must be telecentric to ensure uniform illumination. Telecentric means an optic whose pupil in the space of the display is rejected to infinity.
    [0005] FIG. 5 represents a front view of a monocular visualization system operating with an "LCOS" display. As seen in this figure, the implantation constraints of the separator cube lead to a more complex and significantly more cumbersome optical solution. A sectional view of the complete optical architecture of a monocular assembly comprising such an LCOS display is shown in FIG. 6. It comprises a display 1, a relay optics comprising five lenses L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and a separator cube and a combiner 3 forming a collimated image at the level of the pupil P. The general characteristics of this monocular assembly are the following: - Type of display: LCOS 12 mm x 9 mm - Visual field: 32 degrees horizontal x 18 degrees vertical - Pupillary dimensions: 15 mm x 10 mm - Overall dimensions: Length LT: 162 mm and width h-: 60 mm Characteristics of the combiner: - Thin blade with curved faces and parallel to each other Semireflective treatment - Average bending radius: 70 mm - Polynomial type surface - Tilt angle: 35 degrees Characteristics of the five lenses and the splitter cube of the relay optics. The lens L1 is the closest to the combiner and the lens L5 is the closest to the display. - L1 centered lens o Material: PMMA type plastic o First surface: polynomial type with an average radius of curvature 42 mm - Second surface: aspherical type with a mean radius of curvature of -43 mm o Central thickness: 26 mm - Doublet L2-L3 eccentric o Materials: glasses o First surface: spherical with a radius of curvature: 74 mm 35 - Second surface: spherical with a radius of curvature: - 28 mm - Third surface: spherical with a radius of curvature: -88 mm o First central thickness: 26 mm - Second central thickness: 1 mm - Lens L4 convergent eccentric meniscus o Material: glass o First surface: spherical radius of curvature: 38 mm - Second surface: spherical radius of curvature: 160 MM o Central thickness: 10 mm - Cube separator o Material: glass o Thickness: 21 mm - Lens L5 o Material: glass o First surface: spherical with a radius of curvature: 16 mm - Second surface: spherical with radius of curvature: - 65 mm o Center thickness ale: 7 mm 20
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A display system comprising a first display (1) and a first optical assembly comprising a first optical relay (2) and a first partially transparent optical mixer (3), said first optical relay (2) having a first front lens, the first optical assembly being arranged to form a second image at infinity of a first image displayed by the first display, the display system being adapted to be carried by the head of a user, the first optical mixer being arranged in front of one of the two eyes of said user under conditions of use, the optical exit pupil of the first set being disposed at said eye, the optical axis of the first optical assembly corresponding to the light ray of the central field of vision passing through the center of the optical pupil, characterized in that: The first optical mixer is a thin blade with substantially parallel curved faces, each face being defined by a polynomial law or a point file defining a free form; The inclination of the first optical mixer on the optical axis is about 35 degrees. The distance separating the exit pupil from the point of intersection between the optical axis and the first optical mixer is about 60 millimeters; In the position of use, the inclination of the average optical axis between the first optical mixer and the first front lens in a vertical plane and with respect to a line joining the centers of the two eyes is about 25 degrees, from so that the first optical relay is located at the forehead and above the other eye of the user, in a crossed position with the first optical mixer 30.
    [0002]
    2. Viewing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first optical relay (2) having a first front lens (L1), the first surface of said first front lens located closest to the mixer is defined by a polynomial law. or a point file defining a free form.
    [0003]
    3. Viewing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the second surface of the first front lens (L1) is aspheric or is defined by a polynomial law or a point file defining a free form.
    [0004]
    4. Display system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first display (1) being of the "LCD" or "OLED" type, the first optical relay (2) comprises only, starting from the first optical mixer to the first display, the first front lens (L1), a convergent-divergent lens doublet (L2, L3) with spherical surfaces and a biconvex lens (L4) eccentric to 15 spherical surfaces.
    [0005]
    5. Viewing system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first display (1) being of the "LCOS" type, the system comprising a light source, the first relay optics is of the type 20 telecentric and comprises only, starting from the first optical mixer to the first display, the first front lens (L1), a convergent-divergent lens doublet (L2, L3) with spherical surfaces, an eccentric convergent meniscus (L4) with spherical surfaces , a separating cube (PBS) able to reflect light from the light source 25 to the first display and an eccentric biconvex lens (L5) with spherical surfaces.
    [0006]
    6. Display system according to claim 5, characterized in that the separator cube is of the "PBS" type.
    [0007]
    7. Display system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system being binocular, it comprises a second display (Ibis) and a second optical assembly comprising a second optical relay (2a) and a second optical mixer ( 3a) partially transparent, the second display being identical to the first display, the second optical assembly being identical to the first optical assembly, the second display and the second optical assembly being arranged symmetrically with respect to the first display and the first optical assembly, so that the second optical mixer is arranged in front of the other eye of the user, the first optical relay being arranged above the second optical mixer and the second optical relay being placed above the first optical mixer, the symmetry being the median plane of the head.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SG10201903364TA|2019-05-30|
    ES2703190T3|2019-03-07|
    SG11201703722QA|2017-06-29|
    EP3215884A1|2017-09-13|
    IL252095D0|2017-07-31|
    TR201820058T4|2019-01-21|
    WO2016071352A1|2016-05-12|
    FR3028325B1|2016-12-02|
    JP2017535814A|2017-11-30|
    US10620438B2|2020-04-14|
    AU2015341881B2|2020-11-26|
    PT3215884T|2018-12-28|
    DK3215884T3|2019-01-21|
    CN107111138A|2017-08-29|
    AU2015341881A1|2017-06-22|
    CA2966785A1|2016-05-12|
    EP3215884B1|2018-10-03|
    US20170343818A1|2017-11-30|
    JP6697455B2|2020-05-20|
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    法律状态:
    2015-10-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-05-13| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160513 |
    2016-10-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-10-16| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20200914 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1402510A|FR3028325B1|2014-11-06|2014-11-06|CROSS OPTICAL HEAD VISUALIZATION SYSTEM|FR1402510A| FR3028325B1|2014-11-06|2014-11-06|CROSS OPTICAL HEAD VISUALIZATION SYSTEM|
    PCT/EP2015/075624| WO2016071352A1|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
    TR2018/20058T| TR201820058T4|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Cross Optical Overhead Imaging System|
    CN201580072486.2A| CN107111138A|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Wear-type observing system including crossed optical part|
    JP2017523900A| JP6697455B2|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-mounted viewing system including crossed optics|
    SG11201703722QA| SG11201703722QA|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
    CA2966785A| CA2966785A1|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
    SG10201903364TA| SG10201903364TA|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
    ES15788078T| ES2703190T3|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Frontal optics head display system|
    EP15788078.2A| EP3215884B1|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-mounted display with crossed optics|
    DK15788078.2T| DK3215884T3|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|MAIN MOUNTED VIEW SYSTEM WITH CROSSED OPTICS|
    AU2015341881A| AU2015341881B2|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
    PT15788078T| PT3215884T|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-mounted display with crossed optics|
    US15/524,231| US10620438B2|2014-11-06|2015-11-03|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
    IL252095A| IL252095D0|2014-11-06|2017-05-04|Head-borne viewing system comprising crossed optics|
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